Which of the following factors affects the amount of income tax withheld from your paycheck?

The number of allowances you claim directly affects the amount of income tax withheld from your paycheck. In the United States, when you fill out your W-4 form, you have the option to claim a certain number of allowances, which essentially indicate how many dependents you have and how much of your income is exempt from withholding. The more allowances you claim, the less tax is withheld from your paycheck because it suggests that you expect to have fewer tax liabilities at the end of the year. Conversely, fewer allowances mean more tax withholding to cover a potentially higher tax obligation.

Job title, credit score, and age do not play a direct role in determining withholding amounts. Your job title may influence your earnings and therefore your overall tax liability, but it doesn't change the calculation for withholding. Similarly, while a credit score can impact financial opportunities and costs, it does not affect payroll tax calculations. Age might influence tax brackets or certain deductions, but it does not directly impact the withholding process as defined by the number of allowances.